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HAIR

International Academy of Cosmetic Dermatology HAIR Many individuals want to protect or enhance their appearance to ensure it is presentable to the world; however, an individual’s good intentions sometimes have negative consequences. Such can occur after the...

DRY SKIN

International Academy of Cosmetic Dermatology DRY SKIN Many patients believe that they have dry skin, when, in fact, they have scaling on the skin. The definitions of dry are many and diverse. While the word dry may refer to a lack of moisture, it should not refer to...

DERMAL FILLERS

International Academy of Cosmetic Dermatology DERMAL FILLERS As we age, the fat and collagen underlying our skin begins to diminish due to genetic and environmental factors. Therefore, the skin starts to sag and develop wrinkles. Dermal fillers are commercially...

CONTACT DERMATITIS

International Academy of Cosmetic Dermatology CONTACT DERMATITIS The top ten allergens, as identified by the North American Contact Dermatitis Groups, are listed in the Table. This list shows three metals, three preservatives, two topical antibiotics, and two...

BOTULINUM TOXIN

International Academy of Cosmetic Dermatology BOTULINUM TOXIN Botulinum toxin (BTX) is produced by Clostridium botulinum, a gram-positive anaerobic bacterium. The clinical syndrome of botulism can occur following ingestion of contaminated food. Since 1989 BTX is used...